MOVEMENT
• Down (to) – movement downwards.
Exemplo:
He was lucky he didn’t break his neck when he fell so heavily down the stairs.
• Off – movement from one surface to a lower one.
Exemplo:
The girls screamed as Michael Jackson came off the plane.
• Onto – Movement from one surface to a higher one.
Exemplo:
He stepped onto the bus just as it set off from the stop.
• Up (to) – Movement upwards.
Exemplos:
The cat ran up the tree when she heard the dog.
They traveled up to Paris form Bordeaux once every year.
PASSING THROUGH
• Across – Go from one side to the other, usually on the surface.
Exemplo:
It took us more than two days to get across the desert.
• By – Pass beside/ next to
Exemplo:
We took the road which runs by the river.
• Through – Between the walls/ parts of.
Exemplo:
I didn’t think I’d get the car through that narrow entrance.
• Over – Go from one side to the other (similar to across, but usually above).
Exemplo:
We ew over São Paulo on our way to Curitiba.
DIRECTION
• Around – In a circular direction.
Exemplo:
I’ve driven around this park three times and I still don’t know which road I want.
• At – In the general direction of.
Exemplo:
He threw a stone at me and it hit my leg.
• Away from – Leaving an object, person or place.
Exemplo:
She ran away from home when she was only sixteen.
• Down – Descending
Exemplo:
A tear ran down his cheek.
• For – With a destination of
Exemplo:
Cabral set sail for India in the late 15th century.
• Into – To a destination within something.
Exemplo:
The dog disappeared into the wood.
• Onto – To a destination on something.
Exemplo:
He put the open book onto the table and left.
• To – In the speci c direction of
Exemplos:
To Galeão airport, please. And Hurry! My plane leaves very soon.
Could you give this record to Paul, please?
• Towards – In the general direction of
Exemplo:
They walked towards the car.
• Up – up to
Exemplo:
The burglar climbed up the to the second oor and forced the window.
• Up to – Ascending, but expressing destination.
CATCHING UP AND DROPPING BACK
• After – Following (pursuit)
Exemplo:
The cat ran playfully after the dog.
• Behind – Following
Exemplo:
My building is behind the gas station.
• In front of – Preceding
Exemplo:
Run in front of her and ask the bus driver to wait.
POSITION
• Above – Directly higher than something
Exemplo:
The plane is now circling above Vitória.
• After – Slightly inferior to
Exemplo:
Her opinion is second only after his.
• Below – Directly lower than something.
Exemplo:
There’s a huge bruise on your leg, just below the knee.
• Down – At or in a lower part of
Exemplo:
He lives further down the hill.
• On – As above, but with contact with the surface
Exemplo:
There’s a brilliant green parrot on his shoulder!
• Under – As below, but the object is closer
Exemplo:
In a few years there may be a tunnel under the Guanabara bay.
• Up – As down, but expressing the opposite
CLOSE AT HAND
• Along – To be placed by the side of something
Exemplo:
There are emergency telephones all along the motorway.
• Around – Somewhere in the vicinity
Exemplo:
I know there’s a bar around here somewhere.
• At – Exact position
Exemplo:
Wait for me right at the end of that narrow street.
• Beside – At the side of
Exemplo:
The Rhine wines are produced mostly in vineyards beside the river.
• By – In the region of
Exemplo:
He lives in a pretty little cottage by the sea.
TIME
• About – Approximate time
Exemplo:
I’ll meet you about 4.30, at Maracanã.
• Around – Approximate time
Exemplo:
We should arrive around three o’clock.
• At – Exact time
Exemplo:
The train leaves Nova Iguaçu at 8.30 am.
Occasions, special days
Exemplo:
We usually have four day’s holiday at Easter.
• In – Parts of a day, season and years
Exemplo:
Very few shops are open in the evening.
• On – Names of days
Exemplo:
The new teacher will start on Monday, 13 September.
• Within – De ned periods (rather formal)
Exemplo:
I’ll be back with the shopping within an hour.
• After – Following a time
Exemplos:
Our classes this year start after nine.
Following an event.
• Before – Preceding a time
Exemplos:
Please try to arrive before eight o’clock or we’ll miss the beginning of the play.
Preceding an event.
• By – Preceding or at a time/point
Exemplo:
Give me your homework by Friday, then I can mark it at the weekend.
• Past – Telling the time.
Exemplo:
It’s half-past eleven already.
• To – Telling the time
Exemplos:
What time is it?
It’s already a quarter to six, let’s go home.
• About – Approximate duration
Exemplo:
The carnival lasts about eight days.
• Between – in the middle of two things/with someone/something on each side or end
Exemplo:
The period between the two world wars was a period of depression.
• During – Period of time
Exemplo:
The weather was fantastic during our holiday.
• For – Duration of a given length
Exemplo:
In 1972 India had been independent for 25 years.
• In – Speci ed duration
Exemplo:
Wait for me here, please. I’ll be back in a few minutes.
• Since – Duration from a given point until the present.
Exemplo:
India has been independent since 1947.
• Till – Duration to a given point.
Exemplo:
She’ll be studying till 2020, when she takes her nal exams.
VERBOS SEGUIDOS DAS SEGUINTES PREPOSIÇÕES
ON
act on, take revenge on, be based on, comment on, concentrate on, congratulate one on something, count on rely), experiment on, decide on, depend on, embark on, impress on one that, intrude on,
live on (food), play something on an instrument, pride oneself on, reckon on, rely on, make war on, work on (a project)
AT
arrive at, guess at, hint at, look at, stare at, marvel at, play at (=pretend) wonder at, work at, peep at, peer at
AGAINST
be prejudiced against, insure against, protest against (or to), react against (or to), rebel against, warn against (or about)
ABOUT
joke about, laugh about, sing about, speak about, talk about, think about, worry about, be/get upset about, tell someone about
IN
believe in, delight in, be engaged in, be included in, indulge in, take a pride in, be interested in, invest in, get involved in, persist in
FROM
abstain from, borrow from, demand thing from someone, differ from, discourage one from, distinguish A from B, draw money from, emerge from, escape from, exclude from, hinder from, prevent someone from, prohibit from, recover from (illness), refrain from, separate A from B, suffer from.
FOR
account for, act for someone, apologize for, ask for something, blame someone for, beg for call for (= require), charge for, exchange A for B, be intended for, long for, hope for, pay for something, prepare
for, provide for, search for, substitute A for B, thank someone for wait for, vote for
OF
accuse someone of, approve of, beware of, consist of, be convicted of, convince someone of, cure someone of (an illness), despair of, disapprove of, dream of, repent of, get rid of, smell of, taste of, suspect of ,think of, tire of, get tired of, warn someone of
TO
accustom oneself to, appeal to, be attached to, attend to, attribute A to B, belong to, apply to, get accustomed to, amount to, challenge someone to, compare to (or with), be condemned to, be con ned
to, consent to, be converted to, be entitled to, entrust something to someone, invite someone to, listen to, look forward to, object to, react to, be reduced to, resort to, respond to, reply to, be subjected to,
submit to, succumb to, surrender to, subscribe to, be/get used to, talk to, turn to, yield to
WITH
acquaint someone with, be af icted with, agree with someone, help someone with, be charged with, communicate with, compare A with B, compete with (or against), comply with, con ict with, confuse
A with B, A contrasts with B, cope with, correspond with, be infected with, interfere with, be threatened with, A doesn’t mix with B, part with, quarrel with, ght with (or against), reason with someone, be
satis ed with
EXPRESSÕES COMUNS COM PREPOSIÇÃO
OUT OF
out of bounds, out of breath, out of control, out of danger, out of date, out of doors, out of fashion, out of interest, out of luck, out of order, out of the ordinary, out of place, out of practice, out of all
proportion, out of the question, out of sight, out of stock, out of turn, out of use
ON
on (the) average, on board (ship), on business, on the contrary, on re, on foot, on holiday, on horseback, on the job, on leave, on the level, on the other hand, on purpose, on second thoughts, on time, on the way, on the whole
IN
in the circumstances, in church, in doors (indoors), in dif culty, in dif culties, in fact, in fashion, in haste, in hospital, in a hurry, in love, in order, in pain, in part, in the post, in practice, in prison, in any case,
in particular, in bed, in trouble, in reply, in school, in stock, in style, in tears, in theory, in time, in turn(s), in use, in vain, in common, in public, in private, in a way, in half, in general, in the long run
BY
by accident, by air, by all means, by car (other vehicles), by chance, by coincidence, by default, by degrees, by design, (play) by ear, by force, by heart, by no/any means, by mistake, by name (know one by name), by myself (etc.), by order, by sight (know one by sight), by surprise, by the way
AT
at dinner (+ other meals), at ease, at rst, at rst sight, at home, at last, at least, at short/a moment’s notice, at the of ce, at once, at present, at any rate, at school, at sea, at the theatre, at one time, one at a time, at the time (then), at times, at the same time, at war
FOR
for ever (forever). for example. for good (forever). for instance. for the record. for my sake (etc.). for Heaven’s sake. for sale. for the time being
OUTRAS
from memory, from now on, beside the point, within reason, without doubt, off the cuff, under the/no circumstances, under protest, under repair, under suspicion, under weather, up to date, with interest, with luck, to now
EXPRESSÕES USANDO PREPOSIÇÃO COM SUBSTANTIVO
ADJETIVOS COM PREPOSIÇÕES
AT
amazed, amused, astonished, shocked, surprised, bad, brilliant, clever, good, hopeless, quick, weak
FOR
answerable, bad, bound, convenient, due (~ready), eager, inferior, famous, t, good, grateful, late, prepared, quali ed, ready, sorry, suitable, useful, responsible, eligible
TO
accustomed, allergic, answerable, attentive, averse, blind, close, contrary, due, faithful, harmful, inferior, married, new, peculiar, sensitive, similar, superior, thankful, used (accustomed)
ABOUT
angry, annoyed, anxious, certain, clear, concerned (~worried), crazy, curious, doubtful, excited, glad, happy, hesitant, honest, mad, mistaken, positive, puzzled, sad, sel sh, sensible, sensitive, serious, sincere, sorry, sure, suspicious, thrilled, uneasy, worried, wrong
OF
ahead, afraid, aware, ashamed, capable, certain, con dent, conscious, critical, envious, fond, full, guilty, independent, jealous, proud, sick, sure, suspicious, tired
WITH
angry with someone, annoyed with someone, busy, concerned, contented, delighted, disappointed, disgusted, familiar, level, patient, pleased, satis ed
FROM
absent from, different from, safe from, separate from
ON
dependent on, intent on, keen on
